Bulk freight is cargo moved in large volume without individual packaging. Instead of pallets or cartons, it travels as a mass of material — dry goods like sand, grain, or cement, or liquids like gasoline and oil.
Because it isn’t packaged, bulk freight needs specialized equipment matched to the commodity: a tanker for liquids, a hopper body for dry bulk that unloads from the bottom, and other purpose-built trailers. Loading and unloading is usually done by pumping, pouring, or gravity rather than by hand.